Influenza (The Flu)

Clinical Manifestations:

Influenza (the "flu") is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle aches, cough, and fatigue. Subsequently symptoms of sore throat, nasal congestion, and cough become more prominent. In young infants influenza can produce severe disease and occasionally cause croup or pneumonia. The incubation period is usually 1 -3 days and spread through family and community is common.

Influenza Vaccine:

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Home care:

Treatment of the flu is mainly symptomatic. For fevers, Tylenol (Acetaminophen) can be used every 4-6 hours or Ibuprofen (Advil/Motrin) can be used every 6 hours. For congestion, nasal saline (Ocean Spray/Sea Mist) is effective at opening up blocked noses - use the saline by squirting in each nostril at least four times a day. Sometimes using a humidifier at night may also keep the mucus loose and easier to clear.

Chicken broth is useful if your child is age appropriate. The broth can be soothing to a sore throat and provides salt and fluids that your child requires.

Contagiousness:

The flu is very contagious and can spread rapidly (the incubation period may be as short as 24 hours). Your child may return to daycare or school after the fever has resolved for 24 hours and your child feels up to it.

Aspirin:

Your child or adolescent should NOT use aspirin if you suspect they may have the flu. There is a strong link between aspirin use with the flu and the development of Reye syndrome. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are safe to use.